Information Warfare Article Index : Current 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
 Latest
 News
 
 Most
 Read
 
 Most
 Commented
 Hot
 Topics
Android Survives Boot Camp
   Next Article → PARAMILITARY: Turks Show The Afghans How It Is Done
January 25, 2012: Responding to troop demands for modern communications capabilities on the battlefield the American NSA (National Security Agency) has created a version of the cell phone/tablet Android operating system suitable for combat use. SE (Security Enhanced) Android is based on a SE Linux that NSA developed 12 years ago. NSA has been active for decades in "hardening" PC operating systems. Since Android is based on Linux NSA had a head start in creating SE Android.

SE Android is the last key element the U.S. Army needs to move commercial smart phones and tablets onto the battlefield. The troops have been clamoring for a combat smart phone, and last year the army began field testing the Atrix smart phone and Galaxy tablet. Both use Android and are designated as NWEUD (Nett Warrior End-User Device) by the military.

"Nett Warrior" (after Medal of Honor winner Robert Nett) will drop the wearable computer and replace it with a smart phone/tablet version (NWEUD). What makes this possible is SE Android, which provides the security (from enemy eavesdropping, hacking, and such) from problems that plague commercial cell phones and tablets.

Earlier attempts to create smart phone capabilities for combat troops produced a 2.3 kg (5 pound) wearable (and networked) computer with an eyepiece for the display and a handheld (or worn on the arm) input device (keyboard). This Nett Warrior system integrated radio, GPS, and 16 GB of storage for maps, pictures, or whatever. Troops found the system too heavy and not as easy to use as a smart phone or tablet. Soldiers and marines know that most smart phones can do the same job as Nett Warrior, and now the army agrees and has been testing Atrix and Galaxy to see how commercial designs can be used to replace the older NWEUD prototypes.

Over half a century of studies have discovered what an infantryman needs to be more effective. They need to know where they are, quickly. Having a poor idea of where you are has long been one of the main shortcomings of armored vehicles. Armored vehicle crews tend to be cut off from this while inside their vehicle where they are even more easily disoriented. When the shooting starts even the vehicle commander, instead of standing up with his head outside the turret, often ducks back inside to stay alive. Infantry aren't much better off. Although they can see their surroundings they are often crouching behind something. When getting shot at standing up to look around is not much of an option.

Nett Warrior gives Team Leaders and Squad Leaders (and eventually each infantryman) a smart phone, perhaps still using an eyepiece as a display (attached to the helmet and flips down for use) and the smart phone/tablet touch screen to control the thing. GPS puts the soldier's location on the map shown in the eyepiece. Meanwhile in Iraq, infantry officers and NCOs, equipped with map equipped GPS receivers (at first, then smart phones) found the map/GPS combo a tremendous aid to getting around and getting the job done. Nett Warrior also provides a wireless networking capability, so troops not only saw where they were in their eyepiece but could receive new maps and other information. Another goal is to use a vidcam to transmit images to headquarters, their immediate commander, or simply to the other guys in their squad. Perhaps most importantly the Nett Warrior gear provides the same capability as the 2003 "Blue Force Tracker" and shows Team Leaders and Squad Leaders, via his eyepiece, where all the other guys in his unit are. When fighting inside a building this can be a life saver.

Nett Warrior type capabilities are already changing the way troops fight. Everyone is now able to move around more quickly, confidently, and effectively. This has already been demonstrated with the Stryker units equipped with Nett Warrior type gear. Captured enemy gunmen often complained of how the Land Warrior equipped Strykers came out of nowhere and skillfully maneuvered to surround and destroy their targets. This was often done at night, with no lights (using night vision gear). When you have infantry using Nett Warrior gear to do the same thing on foot you demoralize the enemy.

For a long time the biggest problem was a rather mundane one, battery power. Expected advances in battery technology did not appear, so even if all the technology worked there was no way to carry sufficient batteries, much less keep Nett Warrior users supplied with them. Rechargeable batteries, with a longer life between charges, have largely solved that problem but largely by not solving the weight problem.

Troops in combat have some unique problems keeping smart phones operational. For one thing, there’s the problem of providing a reliable signal. But that’s long been a problem and there are a lot of new solutions that will work with a smart phone. Then there’s the need for encryption. Again, that’s another problem handled by SE Android. If the smart phone manufacturers and the NSA (SE Android) deliver the troops will use it. They most certainly want it.

Next Article → PARAMILITARY: Turks Show The Afghans How It Is Done
  

Show Only Poster Name and Title     Newest to Oldest
Pages: 1 2
BD       1/25/2012 8:15:50 AM
"For one thing, there’s the problem of providing a reliable signal" = a boat that doesn't float
 
Quote    Reply

Dave_in_Pa       1/25/2012 1:13:51 PM
What about the vulnerability of GPS and other satellites to satellite-killers and ground based laser attacks.  All well and good to provide the troops with these terrific tools. But in a future war, if all of a sudden, the GPS and/or comm satellite network were subjected to successful attacks, or successful enough to seriously degrade them, what then???
 
Quote    Reply

Colin Campbell       1/25/2012 1:18:29 PM
What concerns me is that anybody with an ESM cpaability will be able to track those troops in real time.
 
Quote    Reply

JFKY    Dave   1/25/2012 2:21:11 PM
This Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) is great and it's all well and good to provide the troops with these lorries, tanks, and aircraft, but what IF someone limits or destroys their petrol supplies?  Or what if someone develops weapons capable of destroying them?  After a while you come to realize that it is risk v. gain...the risks are outweighed by the advantages.
 
Colin, if everyone has these devices, it negates some of the value of tracking...if only a few CRITICAL people had them, then tracking them, without reading their mail would be of value.  But if the Platoon Leaders and the Division Commander have them, knowing you are near a lap top loses some of its value.  It's like knowing that people are using Twitter, without knowing what's being said, all you can know is that Twitter is more or LESS active....and then there is shielding and Emission Control, as well.
 
Quote    Reply

BD    JFKY   1/25/2012 8:44:06 PM

1.)  Lets take your analogy a little further into history from the battle of the bulge.  The Germans knew they didn't have the fuel to complete the task so they pretended they did.  They proceeded under a chain of best case scenarios and failed when the weakest link of that chain broke; a lack of fuel.  This technology is appropriate for some applications of a three block war but not all. Using it universally would be planning to fail as the Germans did and very risky.

 

2.)  There's a thing called traffic analysis that identifies command nodes in a network. 

 

 
Quote    Reply

JFKY    BD   1/26/2012 8:42:00 AM
And yet the Germans made their greatest advances USING PETROL, didn't they?  Basically you are complaining that petrol, or oil, or coal-fired steam makes us vulnerable in ways that Wind-power does not...true as far as it goes, but still the advantages outweigh the dis-advantages.
 
Quote    Reply

Hamilcar1234    Networking and EW   1/26/2012 10:34:47 AM
The use of traffic analysis will inevitably show communication patterns. The key is to do what you have to do quickly enough so that an enemy EW team cannot determine the pattern they see inside the masking noise you put out IN TIME.
 
If you can do that, you win.
 
Its really not that simple, but it amounts to the heart of the EW problem, here.
 
H.
 
Quote    Reply

BD    JFKY   1/27/2012 8:28:27 AM
My analogy was intended to point toward the progrommatic aspects of selecting a key but wrong technical solutions in the face of  physical requirements despite plenty of evidence that the technical solution will not serve the physical requirements in this case.  Obviously petrol and electromagnetic propagation have been serving Military institutions for decades now but they have to be used correctly and we have to quantify what those circumstances are and when they should be used.  we have to be able to throttle between the the different cases.  We have to be able to use the right type and size of screw driver for different screws and one size doesn't fit all.   The article states that they have problems getting signal (which I presume they mean in typical field conditions) which is fundamental to what a radio is supposed to do.  There are places where this type of technology will be useful but not everywhere unless where going to fight all our future battles in the Mall.
 
Quote    Reply

BD    Hamilcar   1/27/2012 9:03:58 AM

Cell systems utilize base stations (towers) which should be trivial to identify both physically and electromagneticly.  However cell systems have been used both in Iraq and Afghanistan to good effect because the environment allows us to secure them.  It depends on how, where, and when you use them but we have to be able to throttle between different types of communication structures if you want to utilize these different types of technologies in a flexable/ agnostic communication structure. A trully flexable/ agnostic communication structure would be very hard to attack.

 
Quote    Reply

JFKY    And your point is well taken...   1/27/2012 9:07:07 AM

BUT as the LAN/WAN connection becomes more ubiquitous, then your objection falls.  Currently much of the world has cellular service, even Somalia-to a limited extent!  So as wireless technology grows and evolves, dropping in cost and/or volume the availability of the signal increases.  Meaning that the war does NOT have to be fought at the mall.

 

Herald/Hamilcar makes a valid point about the Electronic Warfare aspects.

 
Quote    Reply
1 2