Ukraine has offered a program to upgrade Turkey's US-built M60A3 tanks. (Israeli, US, and Turkish companies have made competing bids.) The Ukrainian bid (by the Kharkov Morozov Bureau, which builds the T-80UD) includes a 120mm smoothbore cannon, a bustle-mounted autoloader (reducing the crew to three), 42 rounds of on-board 120mm ammunition, a laser-guided round capability, additional armor (passive and explosive-reactive), and a new 1200hp engine. The proposed upgrade would result in a tank weighing 56.4 tons with a horsepower-to-weight ratio of 21.15.--Stephen V Cole