January30, 2007:
The Taiwanese air force does not seem terribly concerned about
China's new J10 fighters. In service for two years now, China only publicly
announced the J10s status in January, 2007. What was not mentioned in the press
releases was that only one J10 squadron was stationed where it might encounter
Taiwanese F-16s or Mirage jet fighters. That squadron is sitting at a base just
out of range (560 kilometers) of the F-16s and Mirages. The Taiwanese believe
that their pilots are much better trained than their Chinese counterparts.
Moreover, the word out of China is that the J10 is a maintenance nightmare, and
that the Chinese are having a hard time keeping the aircraft operational in
reasonable numbers.
The
J10 is the first modern jet fighter designed and built in China. The aircraft
is an attempt to create a modern fighter-bomber that could compete with foreign
designs. The experiment was not completely successful. Work on the J10 began
twenty years ago, in an attempt to develop an aircraft that could compete with
the Russian MiG-29s and Su-27s, and the American F-16.
But
the first prototype did not fly until 1998. There were problems, and it wasn't
until 2000 that the basic design flaws were fixed. By 2002, nine prototypes had
been built, and flight testing was going forward to find, and fix, hundreds of
smaller problems. It was a great learning experience for Chinese engineers, but
it was becoming apparent that the J10 was not going to be competitive with the
Su-27s/30s China was buying from Russia.
The
J10 looks something like the American F-16, and weighs about the same (19
tons). Like the F-16, and unlike the Su-27, the J10 has only one engine.
Originally, the J10 used a Russian AL-31FN engine, but China has been working
for a decade to manufacture their own version of this, the WS10A. China has
been striving for decades to develop the ability to manufacture
high-performance jet engines. The WS10A is something of an acid test for them,
as it is a powerful military engine, and a complex piece of work. Russia
refused to license China to produce the AL-31FN, so the Chinese stole as much
of the technology as they could and designed the WS10A. This engine has been
tested, but apparently still has quality control and performance problems.
It's
no accident that the J10 resembles the F-16, because Israel apparently sold
them technology for the Israeli Lavi jet fighter. Israel abandoned the Lavi
project, because of the high cost and availability of cheaper alternatives
(buying F-16s and F-15s from the United States.) But the Lavi was meant to be a
super F-16, and incorporated a lot of design ideas from the F-16 (which the
Israelis were very familiar with, as they used them, and had developed new
components for them.)