India has spent $536 million over the last decade trying to build a nuclear-powered submarine, but like so many Indian weapons programs this has come to naught. India has just replaced the program chief, Vice Admiral Bharat Bhushan (who has headed the program for eight years) with Vice Admiral R N Ganesh, who once commanded the Charlie-class nuclear submarine that the Indian Navy leased from Russia in 1988-1991. India plans to build a squadron of nuclear-powered submarines armed with nuclear-tipped Sagarika cruise missiles.--Stephen V Cole