TODAY IN MILITARY HISTORY

490	BC	the Athenians and Plataeans defeated the Persians in the Battle of Marathon -- Learn More
0		Feast of St. Nicholas of Tolentino, Patron of Mariners
422		Election of Pope St. Celestine I (422-432)
1349		Massacre of the Jews of Constance, Germany, after which the survivors are burned to death
1435		Battle of Piper Dene: The Earl of Angus beats the Earl of Northumberland & Sir Robert Ogle
1776		Nathan Hale volunteers for secret service against the British
1813		Battle of Lake Erie: Commo Oliver Hazard Perry meets the enemy and they are his
1823		Simon Bolivar was named President of Peru -- Learn More
1861		Combat at Carnifex Ferry, Va
1862		the men of the 1st Penna Cav appointed the US Army's first Jewish chaplain, Rabbi Jacob Frankel
1863		Battle of Bayou Fourche, Ark: Union cavalry under Brig. Gen. John W. Davidson raid across the Arkansas River, forcing Confederates under John S. Marmaduke to retire on Little Rock
1899		the U.S. Army began recruiting Filipino personnel, the Philippine Scouts -- Learn More
1914		the Germans began falling back in France, ending the six-day Battle of the Marne -- Learn More
1939		Canada declares war on Germany
1940		Buckingham Palace hit by a German bomb
1942		British conduct landings on Vichy-French controlled Madagascar
1943		British Eighth Army occupies Taranto, Italy
1943		Battle of the Porta San Paolo: Italian troops and partisans fail to keep the Germans out of Rome, c. 600 kia
1944		Elms TF 38 raid the Palau Islands.
1944		Sir Frederick Browning says "I think we might be going a bridge too far"
1945		Norwegians sentence Nazi-collaborator Vidkun Quisling to death
1976		Five Croatian terrorists capture TWA plane at La Guardia Airport, NY
2004		Keel laid for USS 'New York' (LPD-21) at Avondale, La

BORN

1487		Gianmaria Ciocchi del Monte - Pope Julius III (1550-1555)
1731		Carter Braxton, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, d. 1797
1771		Mungo Park, celebrated Scottish explorer ("Travels to the Interior Parts of West Africa"), drowned 1806
1786		Nicolás Bravo Rueda, Mexican Revolutionary, general, Regent of Mexico (1822). President (1839, 1842-1843, 1846), d. 1854
1810		Albert Gallatin Blanchard, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1891
1815		Eleazer Arthur Paine, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1882
1832		Randall Lee Gibson, Brig Gen, C.S.A. d. 1892
1836		Joseph Wheeler II, Maj Gen, C.S.A. & U.S., mediocre in either service, d. 1906
1933		Yevgeny V Khrunov, USSR, cosmonaut, d. 2000
1945		Richard M Mullane, USAF, astronaut

DIED

210	BC	Qin Shi Huang (literally: "The First Emperor of Qin"), Emperor of China (220-210 BC)
954		King Louis IV d'Outremer of France (936-954), kia, c. 34
1067		Lady Godiva, Countess of Mercia, c. 85.
1148		Roberto "il Magnifico" Malatesta, 40, Lord of Rimini (1468-1482), condottiero, murderer, natural causes - unusual in his trade & family
1382		King Louis I "the Great" of Hungary and Poland (1342-1382), b. 1326
1419		Duke John "the Fearless" of Burgundy (1404-1419), assassinated by the Dauphin, at 48
1482		Federico III de Montefeltro, 60, Lord (1444-1474) and Duke (1474-1482) of Urbino, Condottiero and Patron of the Arts
1547		Pier Luigi Farnese, 43, son of Pope Paul III, Duke of Parma, Piacenza, & Castro, Captain General of the Holy Church, murdered by recalcitrant subjects
1598		Francesco Cenci, Roman nobleman, c. 50, bludgeoned to death with a hammer by his children & second wife for raping his daughter (See Sep 11th)
1827		Ugo Foscolo, 49, Italian nationalist poet
1862		Carlos Antonio Lopez, 71, Dictator/President of Paraguay (1844-1862)
1868		Elizabeth of Bavaria, 60, Empress of Austria, Queen of Hungary, wife to Franz Josef, assassinated by an anarchist
1977		Hamida Djandoubi, c. 27, having the honor of being the last person guillotined in France
1990		Samuel Kanyon Doe, 39, Dictator/President of Liberia (1980-90), butchered
1992		Nathan E. Cook, last veteran of the Spanish-American War, at 106 -- -- Learn More
2011		Cliff Robertson, actor ("PT-109"), warbird collector, at 88 and one day