| 0 | | Gold Star Spouses' Day in the United States |
| 0 | | Feast of Saint Æthelburh of Kent, Queen of Northumbria and Abbess of Lyminge, and that of Saint Vincent Ferrer, Patron of Valencia, of Fishermen, and much else beside |
| 823 | | Pope Paschal I crowns Lothar I Co-Emperor of the HRE |
| 1242 | | Battle of the Neva/Battle on the Ice: Prince Alexander of Novgorod defeats the Teutonic Knights |
| 1614 | | Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe |
| 1654 | | Treaty of Westminster: First Anglo-Dutch War ends (1652-54) |
| 1762 | | British capture Greneda from French |
| 1799 | | Battle of Magnano: Austrians defeat the French |
| 1811 | | Battle of Barrosa: English defeat the French |
| 1812 | | British take Badajoz, Spain, from the French by storm |
| 1818 | | Battle of Maipu: Jose de San Martin, Bernardo O'Higgins, the Chilean patriots inflict a decisive defeat on the Spanish |
| 1861 | | U.S. troops abandon Ft Quitman, Tx |
| 1881 | | Transvaal regains independence from Britain |
| 1887 | | Lord Acton writes, "Power tends to corrupt, absolute power corrupts absolutely." |
| 1896 | | Athens: 1st modern Olympic Games begin |
| 1915 | | French begin Woevre offensive |
| 1916 | | Battle of El Hanna: Unsuccessful British attempt to break the Turkish siege of Kut |
| 1939 | | Germany: "Aryan" youth ordered to join the Hitlerjugend |
| 1942 | | Bataan: Japanese troops capture Mt. Samat |
| 1942 | | Ceylon: Japanese carrier a/c attack Colombo, other towns, and shipping, inflict heavy damage, and sink HM Heavy Cruisers 'Cornwall' & 'Dorsetshire' |
| 1943 | | Burma: Br 6th Bde HQ is overrun by advancing Japanese in the Arakan |
| 1943 | | Poon Lim (1917-1991) lands near Belem, Brazil, ending 133 days in a lifeboat in the Atlantic after the 'Ben Lomond' was torpedoed, setting a record for survival at sea |
| 1945 | | Japanese cabinet resigns. |
| 1950 | | Prague espionage trial against bishops & priests begins |
| 1951 | | Julius & Ethel Rosenberg, atomic spies, sentenced to death |
| 1955 | | Winston Churchill resigns as British PM, succeeded by Anthony Eden |
| 1962 | | NASA civilian pilot Neil A Armstrong takes X-15 to 54,600m |
| 1986 | | Berlin: two US servicemen & a Turkish woman die in a terrorist bombing |
| 1991 | | Iraq: US begins relief air drops to Kurds in the north |
| 1315 | | King James III "the Rash" or "the Unfortunate" of Majorca (1324-1344), ousted by Peter IV of Aragon, kia 1349 trying to regain his kingdom. |
| 1643 | | Charles V Léopold Nicolas Sixte, titular Duke of Lorraine (1675-1690), Imperial Field Marshal, d. 1690 |
| 1795 | | Henry Havelock, British general, inventor of "the Havelock" (the little bib that hangs down behind a Foreign Legion or US Civil War kepi), d. 1857 |
| 1818 | | Lewis Baldwin Parsons, Brig Gen, U.S. |
| 1822 | | James Nagle, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1866 |
| 1825 | | David Rumph "Neighbor" Jones, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1863 |
| 1839 | | Robert Smalls, African-Amerian Civil War naval hero, member of congress, d. 1915 |
| 1848 | | Ulrich Wille, Swiss soldider, Commander-in-Chief, 1914-1918, d. 1925 |
| 1857 | | Prince Alexander-Jozef von Battenberg of Bulgaria (1879-1886), d. 1893 |
| 1900 | | Spencer Tracy, actor ("Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo"), d. 1967 |
| 1908 | | Herbert von Karajan, conductor, Hitler's Generalmusikdirektor, Nazi who got over, d.1989 |
| 1919 | | John Leslie Munro, who would become the last surviving "Dam Buster" pilot, d. 2015 |
| 1923 | | Nguyen Van Thieu, South Vietnamese soldier & president (1965-1975), d. 2001 |
| 1937 | | Colin Powell, general, chairman of the JCS, national security advisor, secretary of state |
| 902 | | Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Talha al-Muwaffaq -- al-Mu'tadid bi-llah, c. 42-48, Abbasid Caliph of Baghdad (892-902) |
| 1078 | | Richard Drengot, c. 60, Count of Aversa (1049-1078), Prince of Capua (1058-1078), Duke of Gaeta (1064-1078). |
| 1091 | | Jordan I Drengot, Count of Aversa and Prince of Capua (1078-1091), son of Richard Dregnot |
| 1181 | | Count Raymond Berengar III of Provence (1173-1181), c. 23 |
| 1208 | | Quetzalcoatl |
| 1356 | | Colin Doubel, le Comte de Graville, le Comte de Harcourt, & Mabue de Mainemares, beheaded by King John "the Good" of France |
| 1697 | | King Charles XI King of Sweden (1660-97), at 41 |
| 1794 | | Georges-Jacques Danton, 45, French revolutionary leader, guillotined, ending "The Reign of Terror" |
| 1900 | | Osman Nuri Pasha, 67-68, Ottoman Field Marshal, the Defender of Plevna, 1877 |
| 1918 | | King George Tupou II of Tonga (1895-1918), 43 |
| 1935 | | Lt. Gen. Juan Picasso González, 77, Spanish soldier, with the Cruz Laureada de San Fernando, the only Protestant general in the Spanish Army, great uncle to the artist |
| 1964 | | Douglas MacArthur, "Defender of Australia, Liberator of the Philippines, Conqueror of Japan", not to mention "Router of the Bonus Army", at 84 |
| 1972 | | Brian Donlevy, actor ("Wake Island"), at 73 |
| 1975 | | Chiang Kai-shek, 87, President/Premier/Leader of China , 1928-1975 |
| 1991 | | Manley L "Sonny" Carter Jr, 50, US astronaut, in an accident |