| 670 | BC | The Battle of the Horatii and the Curiatii -- Learn More |
| 331 | BC | Alexander the Great trounces the Persians at Gaugamela [Alt] |
| 45 | BC | Caesar's fifth Triumph, for the defeat of the Pompeians at Munda |
| 965 | | Accession of Pope John XIII (965-972) |
| 1040 | | Conan II succeeds his father, Alain III, as Duke of Brittany (1040-1066) |
| 1285 | | Battle of the Col de Panissars: Peter III of Aragón defeats Philip III of France |
| 1496 | | Battle of Eboli: The French defeat the Neapolitans |
| 1756 | | Battle of Lobositz: Prussians defeat the Austrians |
| 1800 | | Spain cedes Louisiana to France in return for Tuscany, but retains the right of first refusal should Napoleon chose to dispose of the place |
| 1800 | | U.S. schooner 'Experiment' captures the French schooner 'Diana'. |
| 1835 | | Battle of Guadalupe Ford: Texians defeat the Mexicans |
| 1837 | | U.S treaty with Winnebago Indians |
| 1850 | | Moslems massacre Christians at Aleppo, Syria |
| 1851 | | Citizens of Syracuse, NY, break into a police station and freed William "Jerry" Henry, who had escaped fro slavery but been apprehended by slaver agents |
| 1860 | | Battle of the Volturno: Garibaldi defeats the Neapolitan Royalists |
| 1863 | | Russian fleet arrives to winter in New York |
| 1864 | | Lincoln hires John Staples as a "substitute" to encourage recruiting |
| 1868 | | King Rama V Chulalongkorn succeeds to the throne of Siam, d. 1910 |
| 1880 | | John Philip Sousa becomes director of the Marine Corps Band |
| 1898 | | Tsar Nicholas II orders Jews expelled from some Russian cities |
| 1918 | | British & Arab forces liberate Damascus from the Turks |
| 1919 | | Hoop Spur Church Massacre, Elaine, Arkansas: White racists initiate a three-day pogrom against alleged "black insurrectionists" -- some whites, more than 100 blacks slain, some by federal troops |
| 1932 | | Sir Oswald Mosley forms the British Union of Fascists |
| 1935 | | Germany bans jazz and other "Negro" and "Jewish" music |
| 1936 | | Francisco Franco named leader of Spanish Nationalists |
| 1938 | | Munich Conference ends in the German annexation of the Sudetenland |
| 1939 | | Churchill says the USSR "is a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma" |
| 1942 | | Italian blockade runner 'Orseolo' departs Bordeaux for Kobe |
| 1942 | | Maiden flight of the Bell P-59 Airacomet, the first US jet fighter |
| 1943 | | Allied forces liberate Naples |
| 1945 | | US Army discharges MSGT Joe Louis -- Learn More |
| 1949 | | Mao Tse-tung proclaims the People's Republic of China |
| 1950 | | ROK troops advance northwards across the 38th Parallel |
| 1951 | | The historically Black 24th Infantry, falsely accused of cowardice in Korea, is deactivated; restored 1991 |
| 1955 | | Commissioning of the USS 'Forrestal' (CVA-59) the first supercarrier; serves until 1993 |
| 1957 | | B-52 bombers begin full-time flying alert in case of USSR attack, which continues until the early 1990s |
| 1958 | | Elvis arrives by ship in Bremerhaven, bound for Ray Caserne in Frieberg |
| 1958 | | NASA is formed, takes over the Vanguard Project from the USN |
| 1962 | | "Combat" premiers on ABC, runs for five seasons |
| 1980 | | Cosmonauts Ryumin & Popov break space endurance record of 176 days |
| 1988 | | Mikhail Gorbachev becomes Soviet Head-of-State (Oct. 1, 1988 - Dec. 25, 1991) |
| 1992 | | USS 'Saratoga' (CV-60) accidentally fires missiles at a Turkish destroyer in the Aegean, 5 die |
| 2008 | | US Africa Command (AFRICOM) established |
| 2015 | | Umpqua Community College, Roseburg, Oregon: Gunman kills 9, wounds 20, before being killed by police |
| 83 | BC | Caius Sallustius Crispus - Sallust, Roman historian ("The Conspiracy of Catiline"), d. 34 BC |
| 208 | | Alexander Severus, Roman Emperor (222-235) |
| 1207 | | King Henry III of England (1216-72) |
| 1685 | | Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (1711-40) |
| 1730 | | Richard Stockton, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, d. 1788 |
| 1746 | | Rev John Muhlenberg, Continental general, d. this date in 1807 |
| 1781 | | James Lawrence, Capt., USN, d/w 1812 saying "Don't give up the ship!" |
| 1830 | | Jeremiah C. Sullivan, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1890 |
| 1831 | | Claudius C. Wilson, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1863 |
| 1834 | | Francis Marion Cockrell, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1915 |
| 1835 | | Robert H. Anderson, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1888 |
| 1835 | | William Hicks "Red" Jackson, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1903 |
| 1881 | | William Edward Boeing, aviation entrepreneur, d. 1956 |
| 1921 | | James Whitmore, marine, actor ("Battle Cry"), d. 2009 |
| 1924 | | James Earl Carter, naval officer, president (1977-1981) |
| 1936 | | Stephen Ambrose, historian ("Band of Brothers"), d. 2002 |
| 1941 | | The Royal New Zealand Navy |
| 1950 | | Boris Vladimirovich Morukov, Russian cosmonaut |
| 670 | BC | Horatia, slain by her brother Publius Horatius, returning from his battle with the Curiati, for mourning her betrothed, one of the latter, and not her two lost brothers |
| 829 | | Byzantine Emperor Michael II "the Stammerer" or "the Armorian" (820-829), 59 |
| 1040 | | Duke Alain III of Brittany (1008-40), 43, poisoned |
| 1404 | | Pope Boniface IX - Piero Tomacelli (1389-1404), c. 40 |
| 1498 | | Pagolo Vitelli, Captain of Florence, beheaded |
| 1578 | | Don Juan of Austria, Victor of Lepanto, at 31 |
| 1807 | | Rev John Muhlenberg, Continental general, on his 61st birthday |
| 1864 | | Rose Greenhow, loose woman, Confederate spy, drowned, at c. 47 |
| 1901 | | Emir Abdur Rahman Khan of Afghanistan (1880-1901), c. 60 |
| 1990 | | Curtis E LeMay, bomber baron, at 83 |
| 2013 | | Tom Clancy, 66, novelist and defense writer -- "The Hunt for Red October," etc. |