: NUCLEAR, BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS

February 20, 2009: Commercial satellite photos have revealed that Syria has been expanding its chemical weapons plant in the northwestern portion of the country. Three years ago, Syria began increasing production of ballistic missiles. Syria already has several hundred ballistic missiles aimed at Israel, some of them believed to have chemical warheads. Syria relies on chemical weapons for some degree of defense from Israel. The Syrian army is in no shape for a war with anyone, especially Israel. Years of low budgets has left most aircraft and armored vehicles unable to operate.

Last year Syria ran tests on its ballistic missile inventory, with over a dozen missiles fired. Israel has made no secret of the fact that, in a future war with Syria, they estimate that there would be as many as 3,300 Israeli casualties (including up to 200 dead). That's if Syria just used its long range missiles armed with conventional warheads (high explosives or cluster bombs). If the Syrians used chemical warheads, Israeli casualties could be as high as 16,000. Over 200,000 Israelis would be left homeless, and it's believed about a 100,000 would seek to leave the country.

Syria has underground storage and launch facilities for its arsenal of over a thousand SCUD missiles. Armed with half ton high explosive and cluster bomb warheads, the missiles have ranges of 500-700 kilometers. Syria also has some 90 older Russian Frog-7 missiles (70 kilometer range, half ton warhead) and 210 more modern Russian SS-21 missiles (120 kilometer range, half ton warhead) operating with mobile launchers. There are also 60 mobile SCUD launchers. The Syrians have a large network of camouflaged launching sites for the mobile launchers. Iran and North Korea have helped Syria build underground SCUD manufacturing and maintenance facilities. The Syrian missiles are meant to hit Israeli airfields, missile launching sites and nuclear weapons sites, as well as population centers. Syria hopes to do enough damage with a missile strike to cripple Israeli combat capability.

Israel has long been aware of the Syrian capabilities and any war with Syria would probably result in some interesting attacks on the Syrian missile network. The SCUD is a liquid fuel missile and takes half an hour or more to fuel and ready for launch. So underground facilities are a major defensive measure against an alert and astute opponent like Israel. Syria has some solid fueled SS-21 missiles (and is shopping for more) these only have a range of 120 kilometers.

It is feared that the Syrian missile tests are partly training exercises to see how ready the missile launcher crews are. Some of the tests may have tested new guidance systems, perhaps using GPS or Russian Glonass to attain high accuracy. Syria has been working more closely with Russian military suppliers lately, and has been a client state of Iran for over two decades.